SCP(1)

NAME
scp - OpenSSH secure file copy

SYNOPSIS
scp [-346ABCOpqRrsTv] [-c cipher] [-D sftp_server_path] [-F ssh_config] [-i identity_file] [-J destination] [-l limit] [-o ssh_option] [-P port] [-S program] [-X sftp_option] source ... target

DESCRIPTION
scp copies files between hosts on a network.

scp uses the SFTP protocol over an ssh(1) connection for data transfer, and uses the same authentication and provides the same security as a login session.

scp will ask for passwords or passphrases if they are needed for authentication.

The source and target may be specified as a local pathname, a remote host with optional path in the form [user@]host:[path], or a URI in the form scp://[user@]host[:port][/path]. Local file names can be made explicit using absolute or relative pathnames to avoid scp treating file names containing ‘’: as host specifiers.

When copying between two remote hosts, if the URI format is used, a port cannot be specified on the target if the -R option is used.

The options are as follows:

-3  Copies between two remote hosts are transferred through the local host. This mode is the default, but see also the -R option for copying data directly between two remote hosts. Note that when using the legacy SCP protocol (via the -O flag), this option selects batch mode for the second host as scp cannot ask for passwords or passphrases for both hosts.

-4  Forces scp to use IPv4 addresses only.

-6  Forces scp to use IPv6 addresses only.

-A  Allows forwarding of ssh-agent(1) to the remote system. The default is not to forward an authentication agent.

-B  Selects batch mode (prevents asking for passwords or passphrases).

-C  Compression enable. Passes the -C flag to ssh(1) to enable compression.

-c cipher
    Selects the cipher to use for encrypting the data transfer. This option is directly passed to ssh(1).

-D sftp_server_path
    Connect directly to a local SFTP server program rather than a remote one via ssh(1). This option may be useful in debugging the client and server.

-F ssh_config
    Specifies an alternative per-user configuration file for ssh. This option is directly passed to ssh(1).

-i identity_file
    Selects the file from which the identity (private key) for public key authentication is read. This option is directly passed to ssh(1).

-J destination
    Connect to the target host by first making an scp connection to the jump host described by destination and then establishing a TCP forwarding to the ultimate destination from there. Multiple jump hops may be specified separated by comma characters. This is a shortcut to specify a ProxyJump configuration directive. This option is directly passed to ssh(1).

-l limit
    Limits the used bandwidth, specified in Kbit/s.

-O  Use the legacy SCP protocol for file transfers instead of the SFTP protocol. Forcing the use of the SCP protocol may be necessary for servers that do not implement SFTP, for backwards-compatibility for particular filename wildcard patterns and for expanding paths with a ‘~’ prefix for older SFTP servers.

-o ssh_option
    Can be used to pass options to ssh in the format used in ssh_config(5). This is useful for specifying options for which there is no separate scp command-line flag. For full details of the options listed below, and their possible values, see ssh_config(5).

    AddKeysToAgent
    AddressFamily
    BatchMode
    BindAddress
    BindInterface
    CASignatureAlgorithms
    CanonicalDomains
    CanonicalizeFallbackLocal
    CanonicalizeHostname
    CanonicalizeMaxDots
    CanonicalizePermittedCNAMEs
    CertificateFile
    ChannelTimeout
    CheckHostIP
    Ciphers
    ClearAllForwardings
    Compression
    ConnectTimeout
    ConnectionAttempts
    ControlMaster
    ControlPath
    ControlPersist
    DynamicForward
    EnableEscapeCommandline
    EnableSSHKeysign
    EscapeChar
    ExitOnForwardFailure
    FingerprintHash
    ForkAfterAuthentication
    ForwardAgent
    ForwardX11
    ForwardX11Timeout
    ForwardX11Trusted
    GSSAPIAuthentication
    GSSAPIDelegateCredentials
    GatewayPorts
    GlobalKnownHostsFile
    HashKnownHosts
    Host
    HostKeyAlgorithms
    HostKeyAlias
    HostbasedAcceptedAlgorithms
    HostbasedAuthentication
    Hostname
    IPQoS
    IdentitiesOnly
    IdentityAgent
    IdentityFile
    IgnoreUnknown
    Include
    KbdInteractiveAuthentication
    KbdInteractiveDevices
    KexAlgorithms
    KnownHostsCommand
    LocalCommand
    LocalForward
    LogLevel
    LogVerbose
    MACs
    NoHostAuthenticationForLocalhost
    NumberOfPasswordPrompts
    ObscureKeystrokeTiming
    PKCS11Provider
    PasswordAuthentication
    PermitLocalCommand
    PermitRemoteOpen
    Port
    PreferredAuthentications
    ProxyCommand
    ProxyJump
    ProxyUseFdpass
    PubkeyAcceptedAlgorithms
    PubkeyAuthentication
    RekeyLimit
    RemoteCommand
    RemoteForward
    RequestTTY
    RequiredRSASize
    RevokedHostKeys
    SecurityKeyProvider
    SendEnv
    ServerAliveCountMax
    ServerAliveInterval
    SessionType
    SetEnv
    StdinNull
    StreamLocalBindMask
    StreamLocalBindUnlink
    StrictHostKeyChecking
    SyslogFacility
    TCPKeepAlive
    Tag
    Tunnel
    TunnelDevice
    UpdateHostKeys
    User
    UserKnownHostsFile
    VerifyHostKeyDNS
    VisualHostKey
    XAuthLocation

-P port
    Specifies the port to connect to on the remote host. Note that this option is written with a capital ‘P’, because -p is already reserved for preserving the times and mode bits of the file.

-p  Preserves modification times, access times, and file mode bits from the source file.

-q  Quiet mode: disables the progress meter as well as warning and diagnostic messages from ssh(1).

-R  Copies between two remote hosts are transferred through the local host by default. This option instead copies between two remote hosts by connecting to the origin host and executing scp there. This requires that scp running on the origin host can authenticate to the destination host without requiring a password.

-r  Recursively copy entire directories. Note that scp follows symbolic links encountered in the tree traversal.

-S program
    Name of program to use for the encrypted connection. The program must understand ssh(1) options.

-T  Disable strict filename checking. By default when copying files from a remote host to a local directory scp checks that the received filenames match those requested on the command-line to prevent the remote end from sending unexpected or unwanted files. Because of differences in how various operating systems and shells interpret filename wildcards, these checks may cause wanted files to be rejected. This option disables these checks at the expense of fully trusting that the server will not send unexpected filenames.

-v  Verbose mode. Causes scp and ssh(1) to print debugging messages about their progress. This is helpful in debugging connection, authentication, and configuration problems.

-X sftp_option
    Specify an option that controls aspects of SFTP protocol behaviour. The valid options are:

    nrequests=value
        Controls how many concurrent SFTP read or write requests may be in progress at any point in time during a download or upload. By default 64 requests may be active concurrently.

    buffer=value
        Controls the maximum buffer size for a single SFTP read/write operation used during download or upload. By default a 32KB buffer is used.

EXIT STATUS

SEE ALSO
sftp(1), ssh(1), ssh-add(1), ssh-agent(1), ssh-keygen(1), ssh_config(5), sftp-server(8), sshd(8)

HISTORY
scp is based on the rcp program in BSD source code from the Regents of the University of California.

Since OpenSSH 9.0, scp has used the SFTP protocol for transfers by default.

AUTHORS
Timo Rinne <tri@iki.fi> Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>

CAVEATS
The legacy SCP protocol (selected by the -O flag) requires execution of the remote user's shell to perform glob(3) pattern matching. This requires careful quoting of any characters that have special meaning to the remote shell, such as quote characters.