直接話法の伝達部で: “Aren’t you feeling well?” asked the doctor. (ただし必ずしも倒置しなくてもよい)
否定語句 (neither, nor, hardlyなど)やso, only が文頭にくるとき: “I’m tired.” “So am I.”
仮定法の動詞が were, had, should であり if を省略する場合: Should the ice in Antractica melt completely, the word’s oceans could be expected to rise by about 60 meters.
2. 強調や文のバランスを整えるための倒置
SVC → CVS
The children who managed to leave the country are lucky. → Lucky are the children who managed to leave the country. ただし、主語が代名詞の場合は CSV の順にすることが多い。
They are luckey. → Lucky they are.
SVO → OSV
I would never believe that sort of story. → That sort of story I would never believe. ただし、目的語に否定語がつくと、OVS の順になる。
Not one of these paintings would I ever wish to buy.
進行形の倒置
A stream whose water is so clear that one can see the shape and color of every stone on the bottom is running through the field. → Running through the field is a stream whose water is so clear that one can see the shape and color of every stone on the bottom.
受動態の倒置
A new law that forbids employers to reduce their employees’ wages on the basis of their health problem is required. →Required is a new law that forbids employers to reduce their employees’ wages on the basis of their health problem.
SVOC → SVCO
I’ve named the new machine developed by the group of scientist who have been trying to build a robot with artificial intelligence Betty. → I’ve named Betty the new machine developed by the group of scientist who have been trying to build a robot with artificial intelligence.
使役動詞 SVO+do → SV+do+O
I failed to make the new machine developed by the group of scientist who have been trying to build a robot with artificial intelligence run. → I failed to make run the new machine developed by the group of scientist who have been trying to build a robot with artificial intelligence.